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Fatul masoara in saptamana 17 de sarcina intre 11,4 cm si 12,7 cm lungime (de la crestet pana la solduri) si cantareste aproximativ 100 g. Cresterea in lungime si greutate este mai mare decat in saptamanile anterioare datorita unui puseu de crestere aflat in desfasurare. De asemenea, fatul devine mai activ in urmatoarele saptamani.
Scheletul, care este format in mare parte din cartilaj in acest moment, in cursul acestei saptamani va incepe sa se osifice, iar mielina, invelisul protector al fibrelor nervoase, se va forma in jurul maduvei spinarii.
De asemenea, incepe sa se dezvolte grasimea corporala. Acest lucru va ajuta la mentinerea unei temperaturi constante a corpului.
Creierul controleaza acum ritmul cardiac, bataile neregulate ale inimii sunt acum rare, iar ritmul cardiac este de obicei intre 140 si 150 de batai pe minut.
Pana in saptamana 17 de sarcina, intregul corp al bebelusului este sensibil la atingeri usoare, cu posibila exceptie a interiorului coapselor.
Tesutul subtire care astupa narile in timpul dezvoltarii timpurii dispare pana in saptamana 18, permitand lichidului amniotic sa patrunda in narile fatului. Pe masura ce bebelusul exerseaza respiratia in uter, lichidul amniotic poate circula in narile acestuia. Acest lucru permite substantelor chimice din lichidul amniotic sa interactioneze cu receptorii olfactivi.
Pana la 17 saptamani, papilele gustative au atins forma lor matura, iar celulele receptoare gustative prezinta microvili, fibre microscopice specializate in detectarea moleculelor alimentare. Microvilii de pe celulele receptoare gustative se extind pentru a interactiona cu moleculele alimentare. Acesti receptori maturi fac posibil ca fatul sa detecteze gusturile din lichidul amniotic.
In timpul sarcinii, anticorpii materni se pot transfera la fat. Cea mai veche dovada a patrunderii anticorpilor in sangele fetal provine dintr-un studiu efectuat pe fetusi cu varsta de pana la 16 saptamani de gestatie.
Pana la 17 saptamani de sarcina, principalele modele de amprente digitale, spirale, bucle si arcuri, s-au format deja, iar intre ele incep sa se dezvolte creste mai mici.
Intre 17 si 23 de saptamani, copilul nenascut prezinta o activitate oculara mai complexa.
Bibliografie
Week 17 of pregnancy (Days 119-125), HCA Healthcare UK official website
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Weeks 17 & 18, The voyage of life, Charlotte Lozier Institute official website
Autor: Farmacist Marza Andreea Simona
